Having studied tested, carried may types, calibers and bullets.
Having shot many of dozens of car hit deer with a lot of them.
Any of the modern jacketed hollow points well do a good job. On human sized targets. I prefer ones that give over 14 inches of penetration in 10 percent ballistic gel
For self-defense from larger critters mainly bears, that one might have to worry about. Having shot bears with several different handguns while hunting and working.
I prefer a heaver for caliber bullet that give a minimum depth of penetration' in 10 percent ballistics gel of 16 inches or more.
One is not handicapped if the penetration is far greater. My 315gr Hard lead WFN driven at 1300 fps from a 6 inch 44 mag. Taurus traveled in the chest out the rear hind quarter of a 250lb black bear.
Approximately 4 feet of penetration.
Had no trouble shooting a 386lb bear head on into the brain cavity ending some where it its body or out of it at about 10 feet.
Saw a 586lb bear shot side to side with a 240gr 44mag factory JSP out of a 6 inch S@W model 29 result one dead bear. That bear was shot very close under 5 feet.
Shot a 250lb bear side to side with the .430dia 315gr WFN at 950 fps one dead bear about 20 feet.
Had no trouble driving 210gr hard cast .410dia hard LSWC through the heads of several black bears.
I could continue by I think you get the drift.